Ace the IB Environmental Systems & Societies Challenge 2025 – Dive into Eco-Excellence!

The correct choice highlights that the vegetation structure in the Arctic Tundra is characterized by its simplicity. This region is defined by harsh environmental conditions, including low temperatures, short growing seasons, and permafrost, which significantly limit the types and complexity of vegetation that can thrive there.

In the Arctic Tundra, the plant life primarily consists of low-growing shrubs, mosses, lichens, and grasses that are adapted to survive in these extreme conditions. The simplicity of the vegetation structure refers to the lower diversity and density of plant species compared to more temperate ecosystems, such as forests. The limited variety and abundance of plant species contribute to a less complex ecosystem structure, with fewer layers and types of vegetation compared to more biodiverse environments.

The other options reflect features that are not commonly found in the Arctic Tundra. The presence of a complex forest canopy would not be applicable here due to the lack of tree species. Similarly, while there are some plant species that have adapted to this environment, the overall diversity of plant species is low, which distinguishes it from regions with extensive biodiversity. Additionally, the root systems of plants in the tundra tend to be more shallow and less extensive than in forest ecosystems, again reflecting the challenging conditions of the